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How the Black Prince Entertained the French King
Showing Respect to the Captured King
After the battle, the Black Prince treated King John of France with great respect. Even though the king was...
Consequences of the Battle of Poitiers
A Major Victory for England
The Battle of Poitiers was not just a victory on the field—it changed the course of the war. The French...
The English Army Returns to Bordeaux
Moving with Care
After the great victory at Poitiers, the English army faced a new challenge: returning safely with many prisoners, treasures, and wounded knights....
Froissart and Commines Two Approaches to History
Jean Froissart and Philippe de Commines were both important chroniclers of the Middle Ages, but their approaches to history were very different Commines’ Unique...
Commines’ Unique Position
Philippe de Commines held a rare and powerful position in late fifteenth-century Europe. He first served Charles the Bold and later Louis XI, two...
Scope of Commines’ Memoirs
Philippe de Commines wrote extensively about the political events of his time, producing memoirs that remain valuable historical sources. The main part of his...
Byzantinism Self-Perception and Worldview
Cyril Mango argues that Byzantinism was not only related to art or religion, but also to the general self-perception and worldview of Byzantine society....
Understanding the Term “Byzantinising” in Anatolian Icons
While studying the icons produced in Anatolia, I found the term “Byzantinising” both useful and accurate. This term helps describe artworks that continue the...
Painters on the Ionian Islands in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
From the end of the seventeenth century and throughout the eighteenth century, many painters were active on the Ionian Islands. These islands became important...
The Meaning of “Ten Days”
Saint John speaks of an ordeal that will last “only ten days.” The exact meaning of this period is not completely clear. Many scholars...
